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European

Unitarian Judeo-Christian History Secular
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 325: Council of Nicaea declares unitarianism / Arianism to be heresy and issues Nicene Crede 

60: Gospels of Mark and Matthew written

63: first Christian mission to Britain

90: Gospel of John written

167: missionaries said to have been sent by Pope Eleutherius to convert the Britons to Christianity

209: St. Alban, first British martyr, was killed for his faith

250-336: Arius

256: (Pope) Steven becomes the first head of the Roman church to openly declare succession to Peter and to hold supremacy over all church bishops.

293-373: Athanasius

303: Diocletian orders a general persecution of the Christians

311: Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends

312: Roman Constantine 'converts' to Christianity

313: Edict of Toleration proclaimed at Milan, in which Christianity is made legal throughout the Roman empire

353 Emporer Constantius orders the closing of all pagan temples of the Empire.

395 The Roman Empire divides into two portions, the Eastern being Byzantium.

451 Council of Chalcedon gives the same authority to the Bishop of Constantinopal as to the bishop of Rome; this is the beginning of the eventual schism between the Eastern and Western churches.

425-51: Attilla and the Huns invade western Hungary, remnant in eastern Transylvanie = Szekelers

500
544: Universalism declared a heresy in Constantinople, by the emperor Justinian    

625: Mohammad begins the Koran.

787: Second Council of Nicea approves of statues in churches, and their veneration.   

   895-955: Arpad and Magyars from Russia settle in Transylvania, convert to Christianity 
1000
 

1032: (Pope) Benedict IX, a teenage boy, made Pope through bribery. He becomes perhaps the worst pope in recorded history and is driven out of Rome by an enraged populace.

1054: The Eastern and Roman church separate with both popes excommunicating each other.

1095: The first of eventually seven crusades begin in the Holy Land at the behest of (Pope) Urban II.  

1000: Stephen crowned King of Hungary
1100
  1135: Maimonides, father of modern Sephardic Judaism, born. 1150: Geza II invites Germans/Saxons to colonize in northern and western Transylvania
1200
 

1208: St. Francis of Assisi renounces wealth to follow Christ. 1232. (Pope) Gregoory IX appoints the first inquisitors.

1263: Rabbi Moshe Ben Nachmon wins a theological debate in Barcelona over Catholic scholars and is driven out of Spain. Jews thereafter, while forced into theological debates, are restricted in the way they may present arguments.

1272: The last crusade ends.

1200's: Wallacks from Balkans migrate to Transylvanie and remain Eastern Orthodox

1257: Bela IV of Hungary makes son Stephen duke of Transylvania

1288-1541: Transylvania governed by assembly of nobles presided over by voivode oriented to Moldavia, Romanians

1300
    1350: Black Death in Europe
1400
 

1456: Gutenburg Bible printed.

1483-1546: Martin Luther

1484-1531: Ulrich Zwingli

1437-38: Peasant revolt defeated at Kolzsvarj

1452: Printing Press invented

1453: Turks take Constantinople

1500

1510-1579: Francis David

1511-1553: Miguel Serveto (Servetus)

1515-1563: Sebastian Castellio

1516-1588: Giorgio Biandrata





1509-1564: Jean Chauvin (Calvin)

1517: Luther nails 95 theses to church door in Wittenberg and Protestant Reformation begins

1519-1536: Reformation begins in Switzerland (Zwingli), Germany (Anabaptist), Sweden, Scotland, England

1520: Anabaptist movement begins in Germany

1522: Luther publishes German Bible

1527-36: Reformation in Sweden, Scotland, England

1514-15: Bishop Toma Bakocz' crusade against Turks becomes peasant rebellion: serfs crushed

 

1525

1531: Michael Servetus publishes "On the Errors of the Trinity"

1539-1604: Faustus Socinus

1545-48: Francis David is student at Wittenberg

1540-1582: Inquisition started in Spain and Jesuits organized to counter Protestants in Scotland (Calvinist), Japan, South America, Prague, China

1544: Augsburg Confession adopted by Saxon Synod

1545-1564: Council of Trent

1526: Battle of Mohacs: Turks defeat Hungarian army, kill most of leadership

1529-40: John Zapolya is King of Hungary

1538: John Zapolya weds Isabella of Poland

1543: Translyvania proclaims independence

1544: John Sigusmund recognized as king of Transylvania and Isabella (mother) as queen regent

1550

1553: Servetus burned at the stake in Geneva by John Calvin

1553: Francis David embraces German Reformation

1554: Castillio publishes "Concerning Heretics"

1557: Francis David becomes Bishop of Lutheran churches in Transylvania

1558: Biandrata goes to Transylvania to attend Isabella

1559: Francis David resigns to become Reformed Calvinist

1564: David becomes superintendent of Reformed churches; Sigusmund charges Biandrata to manage debate between Lutherans and Calvinists

1566: Synod of Gyulafehervar discussoin of Trinity begins Unitarian controversy

1567: David and Biandrata publish "False and True Knowledge of God"

1568: Debate at Gyueleferhervar: David wins and preaches at Kolozsvar from boulder and city converts to Unitarianism

1571: Unitarian Church formaly recognized as one of "received religions"

1551: Jews persecuted in Bavaria

1558-9: Elizabethan Settlement & Prayer Book

1560-1660: Puritanism in England

1562: Pope Gregory introduces calendar, changing the New Year from April 1 to January 1.

1563-4: Counter Reformations in Bavaria and Poland

1553-58: Mary Tudor (Bloody Mary, Catholic) queen of England

1557: Queen Isabella promulgates first edict of toleration: each entitled to own faith so long as no harm done to others

1558-1603: Elizabeth I (Protestant) queen of England

1559: John Sigismund becomes king of Transylvanie when Isabella dies

1563: Edict of toleration expanded at Diet of Torda and Sigismund invites Biandrata (from Poland) to be personal physician

1570-2: John Sigusmund no longer king but "Most Sincere Prince"; Sigusmund dies and Stephen Bathory (Catholic) becomes Vaivode of Translyvania; freedom of religion in Transylvania confirmed but no innovation

1575
1578: Faustus Socinus goes to Transylvania from Poland at Biandrata's request to persuade David to cease innovations

1579 : David arested, tried, and imprisoned for innovations and dies in dungeon at Deva

1590: Socinian church in Krakow destroyed
1579-97: Jesuits go to Transylvania, China; Upper Austria re-Catholicized by force

1593: Edict of Nantes, freedom of worship for Huguenots in France
 
1600

1605: Racovian Catechism

1608: Socinus banned from Poland

1615-1662: John Biddle

1648: denial of Trinity and deity of Christ is punishable by death in England

1662: John Biddle dies in English prison

1668: William Penn publishes "Sandy Foundations Shaken," questioning the doctrine of the Trinity

1684: Joseph Gatchell's tongue pierced (in MA) for saying all are saved

1695: John Locke publishes "The Reasonableness of Christianity"

1600: Bruno burned as heretic, Catholics persecuted in Sweden

1608-1674: John Milton

1609: Baptist church founded in opposition to infant baptism.

1643-1727: Isaac Newton

1633: Galileo is forced to renounce his teachings.

1700
1743-1825: Anna Laetitia Aikin Barbauld

1724-1804: Immanuel Kant

1768-1834: Friedrich Schleiermacher

 
1800
     
1900

1923: Flower Communion Started

1941: Chalice Symbol First Used

1975: First woman rabbi ordained.

1967: Israel recaptures Jerusalem.

     
 

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